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• Rick Bruintjes Full Text Available In cooperative breeders, subordinates generally help a dominant breeding pair to raise offspring. Parentage studies have shown that in several species subordinates can participate in reproduction.

This suggests an important role of direct fitness benefits for cooperation, particularly where groups contain unrelated subordinates. In this situation parentage should influence levels of cooperation. Here we combine parentage analyses and detailed behavioural observations in the field to study whether in the highly social cichlid Neolamprologus pulcher subordinates participate in reproduction and if so, whether and how this affects their cooperative care, controlling for the effect of kinship.We show that: (i male subordinates gained paternity in 27.8% of all clutches and (ii if they participated in reproduction, they sired on average 11.8% of young. Subordinate males sharing in reproduction showed more defence against experimentally presented egg predators compared to subordinates not participating in reproduction, and they tended to stay closer to the breeding shelter. No effects of relatedness between subordinates and dominants (to mid-parent, dominant female or dominant male were detected on parentage and on helping behaviour.This is the first evidence in a cooperatively breeding fish species that the helping effort of male subordinates may depend on obtained paternity, which stresses the need to consider direct fitness benefits in evolutionary studies of helping behaviour. • Amrita Bhowmik 2012-07-01 Full Text Available Background: Premature rupture of membrane (PROM is one of the common complications of pregnancy that has major impact on fetal and neonatal outcome. It is the commonest clinical event where a normal pregnancy becomes suddenly a high-risk one for mother and fetus or neonate.

Objective: The study was undertaken to investigate whether raised fibronectin level in vaginal fluid may indicate premature rupture of membrane. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital, Dhaka during the period of January 2006 to December 2007. A total of 114 pregnant women with gestational age 28th week up to 40th week were included.

Sixty were PROM (Group I and 54 were non-PROM (Group II subjects. Fibronectin in vaginal fluid was measured by an immunochemical reaction by nephelometer. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 10.0. Results: The PROM patients had significantly higher concentration of fibronectin (225.77 ± 115.18 ng/mL compared to that in non-PROM subjects (8.04 ± 16.17 ng/mL (p.

DESCRIPTION Laika posm no 2010. Februra ldz 31.

Martam, sadarbojoties Stratisks analzes komisijai (SAK), Microsoft Latvia un SIA Analtisko ptjumu un stratiju laboratorija tika realizts ptniecisks projekts Inovatvas skolu sistmas struktras stenoanas izaicinjumi un iespjas. Projekta mris bija aktualizt inovatvas skolu sistmas nepiecieambu Latvij, identificjot barjeras ts stenoanai un izstrdjot risinjumus barjeru prvaranai.aj ziojum apkopota informcija par vism projekta ietvaros veiktajm aktivittm, to ietvaros iegtajiem viedokiem, galvenajiem secinjumiem, k ar izstrdtajiem ieteikumiem izgltbas satura un procesa kvalittes uzlaboanai.Ptjuma ziojums publiski pieejams: http://www.saki.lv/viedokli/487-ptjum-analiz-21-gadsimta-izaicinjumus-skols-un-izgltb. INOVATVAS SKOLU SISTMAS STRUKTRASSTENOANAS IZAICINJUMI UN IESPJAS PTJUMA REZULTTU ZIOJUMSPtjuma pasttjs: SIA Microsoft LatviaPtjuma veicjs: SIA Analtisko ptjumu un stratiju laboratorijaRGA, 2010 2. Inovatvas skolu sistmas struktras stenoanas izaicinjumi un iespjas 2 SATURSIEVADS..............3 1. PTJUMA METODOLOIJA...........4 2. INOVATVAS SKOLAS KONCEPTS..........72.1. Inovatvas skolas koncepta izstrdes konteksts.........72.2.

Koncepcijas organizatoriskais ietvars..........82.3. Nkotnes Skola (School of the Future) Filadelfij.........82.4.

Inovatvs izgltbas lderi pasaul..........92.5. Inovatvas skolas koncepcijas pamatnostdnes.........102.6. Inovatvas skolas koncepcijas kritika un ievieanas riski........13 3. DISKUSIJU CIKLA GALVENS TZES..........143.1. Diskusiju tematiskie bloki un to saturs..........143.2.

Diskusiju galvens tzes...........153.3. Kopsavilkums par diskusiju cikl paustajiem viedokiem........28 4. SKOLS VEIKTO NOVROJUMU GALVENIE SECINJUMI........304.1. Tehnoloiju izmantoana Latvijas skols.........304.2. Skolotju viedoklis par jaunajm tehnoloijm.........374.3. Skolnu viedoklis par jaunajm tehnoloijm.........384.4. Jauns tehnoloijas skols: ieguvumi, riski un barjeras........414.5.